Circle

A circle is easy to make: Draw a curve that is "radius" away from a central point. And so: All points are the same distance from the center.

You Can Draw It Yourself Put a pin in a board, put a loop of string around it, and insert a pencil into the loop. Keep the string stretched and draw the circle!

Also, the circle is a plane shape (two dimensional).

Definition

In fact the definition of a circle is:

The set of all points on a plane that are a fixed distance from a center.

Radius and Diameter The Radius is the distance from the center to the edge. The Diameter starts at one side of the circle, goes through the center and ends on the other side. So the Diameter is twice the Radius: Diameter = 2 × Radius
Circumference The Circumference is the distance around the edge of the circle. It is exactly Pi (the symbol is π) times the Diameter, so: Circumference = π × Diameter And so these are also true: Circumference = 2 × π × Radius Circumference / Diameter = π

Area The area of a circle is π times the Radius squared, which is written: A = π × r2 Or, in terms of the Diameter: A = (π/4) × D2 It is easy to remember if you think of the area of the square that the circle would fit inside.

Names

Because people have studied circles for thousands of years special names have come about.

Nobody wants to say "that line that starts at one side of the circle, goes through the center and ends on the other side" when a word like "Diameter" would do.

So here are the most common special names:

Lines A line that goes from one point to another on the circle's circumference is called a Chord. If that line passes through the center it is called a Diameter. If a line "just touches" the circle as it passes it is called aTangent. And a part of the circumference is called an Arc.

Slices There are two main "slices" of a circle The "pizza" slice is called a Sector. And the slice made by a chord is called a Segment.

Common Sectors

The Quadrant and Semicircle are two special types of Sector:

	Quarter of a circle is called a Quadrant. Half a circle is called a Semicircle.

Inside and Outside

A circle has an inside and an outside (of course!). But it also has an "on", because you could be right on the circle. Example: "A" is outside the circle, "B" is inside the circle and "C" is on the circle.

 Sumber : http://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/circle.html